Entry into confined space that are both permit required and non-permit required in the water and sewer industry are common. In many cases a single crews may perform multiple entries in one day or may only enter a space on rare occasions.
The most important thing a work crew can have to keep them safe is a employer with a strong commitment to safety and a culture of safety throughout all facets of their organization. Every person in the origination must be committed to doing things right every time with no exceptions.
A strong safety culture is supported by clearly defined policies and procedures that define what each member of the work team is responsible for and how they will be implemented to keep workers safe. Additionally training will be required at intervals defined by OSHA and your company policy to make sure all members understand and can demonstrate competency in carrying out the tasks required of them. Annual and refresher training should be documented and performed by a competent trainer and  include hands on review of both identifying and setting up confined space entry equipment.
Some of the basic rules of confined space entry are
- Assignment of a competent person
- Planning for an emergency
- Testing atmosphere
- Lock out tagout
- PPE
- Rescue or retrieval equipment and plan
- Designating roles and responsibilities
- Competent person
- Entry supervisor
- Hole watch attendant
- Authorized entrant
Before entry is authorized, the Company’s Confined Space Entry Permit must be completed and posted at the access entry of the confined space. The permit must identify the time duration for which it is valid. In most cases, the permit will only be valid for one shift. It may also be necessary to coordinate permitting with the host (owner).
All testing meters/equipment must be calibrated and checked per the manufacturer’s recommendations prior to use. Testing must be accomplished for existing or potential atmospheric hazards. OSHA permissible exposure levels (PEL) shall be followed). Continuous or frequent monitoring shall be conducted and results documented. Monitoring shall continue at planned frequency and may be stopped only if the competent person in charge determines it safe to stop.
Continuous air ventilation/flow must be adequate. Mechanical ventilation must be used any time welding, burning or cutting operations are being performed in a confined space. Minimize bends, kinks or turns in hoses as this greatly reduces airflow.
Provide for appropriate Personal Protection Equipment for the activity. Explosion proof equipment may be required (GFCI, 12 Volt lights, etc.).
Regardless of whether you enter confined spaces daily or only on rare occasions it is critical to remember that it must be done right each and every time with no exceptions.
Matt Timberlake – Ted Berry Company Inc